Naratif
Social function : amuse entertain the readers with actual or imaginary experince in difference ways.naratives always deal with some problems which lead to the climax and then turn intro a solution to the problem.
Text organization
Orientation (who were ivoled the story when and were)
Complication (a problem arises and followed by other problem)
Resolution (provide solution to the problem)
Language features
The use of noun phrases (a beautiful princes a huge temple)
The use of connectives (first ,before that, then, finally)
The use of adverbaial phrases of time and place (in the garden, two days a go)
The use of simple pastense (he walked a way from the village)
The use of action verb (walk, sleep, wake up)
The use of saying verb (say, tell, ask)
The use of thinking verb, feeling verb, verb of senses (the velt hungry, she though she was clever she smelt something burning)
Spoof
Social function : tell event with a homerouse twist
Text organization
Personal recounts
Orientation (who were involved in the story, when ,and were)
Events(tell what happened in a chronological order)
Twist (provide the funnies part of the story)
Language features
The use of actions verb (walked, laughed run away)
The use of connectives (first, then, finally)
The use of adverbal phrases of time and place (in the garden two days ago)
The use of simple past tense (he walked away from village)
Recounts
Social function: tell the readers what happened in the past through a sequence of events
Text organization
Personal recounts
Orientation (who were involved in the story when and were)
Event (tell what happned in a chronological order)
Evalution (comments of the writer/speak or due to the experience )
Re-orientation (optional the conclusion on the experience)
Orientation (who where involved in the story, when and were)
Event (tell what happened in a chronological order)
Language features
The use of nouns and pronouns (david, we, his)
The use action verb (we, went, spent, plared)
The use of past tense (we, went, for a trip to the zoo)
The use of time conjungtions (and, but, after, finnal)
The use of adverb and adverb of phrases (in my house, two days ago, slowly cheer fuly)
Adjectife (beautiful,sunny)
Procedure
Social function : help use do a task or make something.they can be a set of instructions or direction
Text organization
Goal (the final purpose doing the intructions)
Materials (ingredients, utensil, equipment, to do the instruction)
Steps (a set of instruction to achieve the final purpose)
Language features
The use of imperatives (cut, down, mix)
The use of action verb (turn ,put, mix)
The use of connectives (first ,then, finally)
The use of adverbial phrases (for five minutes, 2 centimeters from the top)
News item
Social function : inform readers, listeners, or viewers about events of the the day which are considered news worty or important
Text organization
News worty events (tells the event in summary form)
background events (elaborate what happened tell what caused the incident)
sources (coments by participants, whitnes autorities and experts involved the events)
Language features
Informasion the use of hesdlines the use of action verb (hit, attact, curb)
The use of saying verb (sayid added, claimed)
The use of passive sentences (aceh was hit by a Tsunami in 2004)
The use of adverb in passive sentences(the victims were badly injured)
Report
Social function : describe the way things are (for example : a man made thing animals, plants).the things must a representative of their class
Text organization
General clasificasion
Introduces the topic of the report such as : (the class and the sub class)
Identification (tell the shape /form part, behaviour, habitat, way of survival)
Language features
The use of general nouns (comodos, computer, orchids)
The use of relating verb (is, are, has)
The use of present tense (comodo dragon usually weigh more than 160 kg)
The use of behavioural verb (snakes often sun be the in the sun)
The use of technical terms (water contains oxygen and hydrogen)
Topic sentences to develop a paragraph
Description
Social function
A description is a piece of writing that lists the characteristic of a person piece or thing it describes living and nonliving thing suchas animals, fowns, building
To describe particular person piece or thing
Text organization
Identificasion : introduces who, where, or what is being described
Description : describes the characteristic,part and qualitinof the subject being described
Language feature
Pronouns (it, your, you)
Noun phrases (polar, bear, white coates, milk protein)
Adjectife (important, beautiful, excellent)
Linking verbs
Present tense
Attribute (he, has and had)
Analitycal Exposition
Social function :
To persuade by presenting arigliments
To analyce or explaint “how” and “why”
Text organization
Thesis
Arguments
reiteration
Language features
Emotive words (atarmed, worried)
Word that quality statements(usual, probably)
Word that link arguments (firstly however, on the order band there fore)
The use of the present tense
The use of compound and complex sentences
Hortatory exposition
Social function : to persuade the readers or listeners the somethings should or should not be the case
Text organization
Thesis
Arguments
Recommendations
Language features
The use of emotive words (alurmed, worried)
The use of words that quality statements (usual probably)
The use of words what link arguments (firstly, however, on the other band, there for)
The use of present tense
The use of compound and complex sentences
The use of modal and verb (can, may, certainly, get, stop)
The use of subjective options using pronouns (and, i, we)
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